Origin of the vertebrate pectoral girdle and pectoral fins

Brazeau et al 2023 report,"The past 150 years of debate has been shaped by two contentious theories: the ventrolateral fin-fold hypothesis and the archipterygium hypothesis. The latter proposes that fins and girdles evolved from an ancestral gill arch. Although studies in animal development have revived interest in this idea, it is apparently unsupported by fossil…

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Pectoral and Pelvic Girdles – Morphology of the Vertebrate Skeleton

Origin of the vertebrate pectoral girdle and pectoral fins – overturned

Embryonic origin and serial homology of gill arches and paired fins in the skate, Leucoraja erinacea

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SOLVED: Because of its long history, the evolutionary history of the vertebrate pectoral girdle is a complex one. From fishes to tetrapods, what is the basic trend in the evolution of the